General circular turning is to process the outer surface of the part to obtain the required dimensional position precision and surface quality. Ordinary cylindrical turning tool according to the cutting tool Angle 95 , 90 , 75 , 60 , 45 , 90 , 95Angle of cutting tool cutting large axial force, radial force is small, suitable for turning a slender shaft parts, 75 , 60 , 45 Angle cutter for cutting short cylindrical parts, including 45 master Angle 45 chamfer cutter can be turning. Negative Anglecarbideblade cutting tool economy is better than the Angle of the blade cutting tool, and is sharp edge, the Angle of the blade tool cutting light, only is Angle of the blade size is generally small, only suitable for small back turning, feed processing, and negative Angle blade size can be made larger, can be used in the large amount of turning, feed processing, also is better than the Angle of the blade tip strength (same shape, size, arc blade tip). Different blade intensity, effective cutting blade length and number of available blade tip are different.

Face turning refers to the main cutting edge on the face of the workpiece cutting processing.

1. Matters needing attention when facing the car

(1) the tool tip of the turning tool should be aligned with the workpiece center to avoid leaving a convex platform at the end face center.

(2) the end face of the offset cutter, when the amount of the back knife is large, it is easy to tie the knife. Selection of the amount of back knife ap: ap=0.5 ~ 3mm for rough turning,

(3) the diameter of the end face changes from the outside to the center, and cutting speed also changes. When calculating cutting speed, it must be calculated according to the maximum diameter of the end face.

(4) for the end face with a larger diameter, if there is a concave core or convex belly, check the tool and square tool holder, and whether the big slide is locked. In order to make the cutting tool horizontal feed accurately, the middle sliding plate should be tightened on the bed body, with small tool holder adjust the amount of the back knife.

(5) when the quality of end face is high, the last knife should be cut outward from the center.

2. Quality analysis of car end face

(1) uneven end face, protruding and concave phenomenon or "small head" left in the center of end face; The reason is that the tool is not installed correctly, the tip of the tool is not aligned with the workpiece center, the amount of the back knife is too large, and the lathe has gap slide movement.

(2) surface roughness difference. The reason is that carbide cutting tool is not sharp, the manual moving blade is uneven or too fast, and the automatic feeding quantity is not selected properly.

(3) the turning characteristics of inner hole are: it is not convenient to observe the chip removal in the semi-closed state, which affects the processing quality. Deep hole cutting often causes the vibration of carbide blade, making the cutting edge wear fast. The length of the workpiece and the size of the selected tool bar will not affect the tool's overhang during the turning of the outer circle, so it can bear the cutting force generated during the processing. When boring and turning the inner hole, the depth of the hole determines the overhang.

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