Powder metallurgy is preparing or metal powder with metal powder (or the mixture of metal powder and nonmetal powder) as raw materials manufacturing metal materials, composite materials and various types of products, technology belongs to the comprehensive technology of multidisciplinary cross, involves the chemical industry, metallurgy, material preparation, thermal, mechanical, disciplines such as automatic control technology. The process of powder metallurgy includes four steps: powder forming, forming, sintering and reprocessing.

Powder metallurgy technology has a series of advantages such as energy saving, saving material, excellent performance, high precision and good stability. It is suitable for mass production. As a result of the differences with ordinary processes, powder metallurgy has a unique chemical composition and mechanical and physical properties, which are not obtained by traditional melting methods. The application of powder metallurgy technology can be directly made into porous, semi-dense or fully dense materials and products. In addition, some preparation in traditional foundry method and machining methods of complex materials and components also available powder metallurgy technology, and powder metallurgy technology is now widely industry attention.

In recent years, powder metallurgy industry developing rapidly, especially in automobile industry, machinery manufacturing, metal industry, aerospace, instruments and meters, hardware tools, construction machinery, electronic appliances and the rapid development of high-tech industries, for the powder metallurgy industry has brought the bigger development opportunities. At present, powder metallurgy products are mainly used in automobiles, home appliances, power tools, motorcycles, agricultural machinery and engineering machinery industries, such as the development of downstream industries will drive the development of the upstream industry, the capacity of the whole industry constantly expanding.

From the perspective of a world of powder metallurgy mechanical parts industry, powder metallurgy parts industry is the biggest sales market, at the same time, the field of powder metallurgy parts technology, highest quality requirements of the market. In Europe and Japan and other developed countries, the industry demand for powder metallurgy parts accounted for about 90% of the powder metallurgy market, the powder metallurgy auto parts of North America accounted for more than 80% of the powder metallurgy industry market. From the perspective of the powder metallurgy mechanical parts industry of China, powder metallurgy parts industry the main market is the refrigerator compressor industry, air conditioning compressor industry, motorcycle industry, gradually evolved into the auto industry.

At present, the domestic powder metallurgy market scale is 6.4 billion yuan, among which the auto powder metallurgy parts are around 4 billion yuan. With the wide application of powder metallurgy products: assumes that China's auto sales remain 5% growth, auto bike usage 15 kg of powder metallurgy parts, is expected in 2020 China's automobile powder metallurgy market capacity is expected to reach 14 billion yuan. European and American car companies produce an average of 20kg of powder metallurgy parts per vehicle; The average car produced by a Japanese car company USES about 9kg of powder metallurgy parts. In China, the average use of powder metallurgy parts is only about 5kg. Powder metallurgy industry in China in the future expansion space is larger, as China's automobile market volume growth, further improve bike usage and powder metallurgy parts, powder metallurgy market is expected to usher in a more rapid development.

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Welding tool is a way for the blade and blade part of the connection, through the dehydration of borax, copper, ferromanganese, glass powder, solder, the high temperature melt, let alloy, high speed steel,, diamond and cubic boron nitride ceramic material such as razor blades and trough consistent tool rod sticking together, in order to achieve the demand of machining operations, a turning the most widely used for cemented carbide tool, because of the hard alloy hardness is higher, can reach the use requirement, most of the processed material and corresponding relative to other material cost is very low, so it is widely used, carbide welding tool according to the properties and processing object is mainly divided into three kinds, red handle for YG class, represented by YG6 and YG8, mainly used for cast iron, non-ferrous metals and non-metallic materials roughing, skinned, advantage is high bending strength, the disadvantage is that poor abrasion resistance, can only be used for low speed processing, yellow handle for YW classes, with YW1, YW2, mainly used for semi finished high viscosity material such as stainless steel and refined, YW class alloy high hardness, wear resistance, but the bending strength is limited, is suitable for high speed small feed processing, is a good commonality carbide, blue handle to YT classes, represented by YT15 and YT5, suitable for 45 # steel, plain carbon steel processing, high hardness, bending strength is poorer, wearability is good, mainly for roughing and semi-finishing.

Performance of welding tool.

Advantages: the welding tool structure is simple and compact; Strong rigidity and strong vibration resistance; Manufacturing, grinding and convenient; Use flexibility.

Disadvantages: the blade has been welded with high temperature, the strength and hardness are reduced, and the cutting performance is reduced. The blade material produces internal stress and is prone to crack and other defects. The handle can not be reused, waste raw materials; It is not suitable for automatic lathe and nc lathe.

Turning to cylindrical workpieces, end face of the straight head, 90 and 45 elbow tool, hole boring cutter, blind hole boring cutter, cutting, etc.

In order to make the blade weld firmly, the edge grinding is small, so it is necessary to process the groove shape on cemented carbide tool bar, and the common form of knife slot is the following.

(1) the opening groove is simple in shape and easy to process, but the welding area is small, which is suitable for the type C blade.

(2) the semi-closed groove can only be processed by milling cutter, which is difficult to manufacture, but the welding blade is firm, which is suitable for A and B blade.

(3) the closed groove clamp blade is strong, and the welding is reliable. It is used for thread cutting tool and is suitable for type E blade.

(4) the incision groove is used to cut off the cutting knife and slot cutter with small floor area, so as to increase the welding area and enhance the bonding strength, which is suitable for the D blade.

Folding welding equipment

Welding is a process of making or sculpting metal or thermoplastic plastics. During the welding process, the workpiece and solder melt into molten area, and the connection between the materials is formed when the molten pool cools and solidifies. Welding is made by heating, pressurizing, or both, making the two workpieces produce an interatomic process and a connection. Welding is widely used in both metals and nonmetals.

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One of the forms of stamping die burst is the mold impact. The failure modes of die are mainly wear failure, deformation failure, failure and so on. However, due to the different process of stamping forming, different working conditions will affect the life of tungsten carbide die.

1. Stamping equipment

The precision and toughness of the press equipment (such as press) is very important for the impact of the die life. The higher the precision of the stamping equipment, the better the toughness, the higher the die life. Complex, for example, silicon steel sheet for Crl2MoV die material, used in ordinary open presses, average after grinding life is 1-30000 times, and used the new precision presses, die after grinding life of up to 6 ~ 120000 times. Especially small foot clearance or no clearance punching die, carbide die and precision punching die must choose high precision, good press rigidity, otherwise, will reduce the life of tungsten carbide die, serious damage to the mold.

2. Mold design

Precision of guide mechanism of mould. Accurate and reliable guidance, to reduce wear and tear of the mold parts, avoid has enormous influence on the convex and concave mold damage, especially no clearance blanking die, compound die, and small clearance and multistep progressive die are more effective. In order to improve the die life, it is necessary to select the guide form and determine the precision of the guiding mechanism according to the requirements of the process nature and the precision of the parts. In general, the precision of the guiding mechanism should be higher than that of convex and concave modes.

3. Stamping process

(1) raw materials for stamping parts.

In practical production, because of external pressure parts raw material thickness tolerance error, material performance fluctuation, poor surface quality (such as rust) or not clean (such as oil), wear, easy to cause mould parts as well as the collapse edge. To this end, it should be noted that, as far as possible, the material with good stamping process is used to reduce the stamping deformation force. Before stamping, strictly check the number, thickness and surface quality of the raw materials, and clean the raw materials, and remove the surface oxides and rust when necessary; According to the stamping process and the type of raw materials, the softening and surface treatment can be arranged as necessary, and the appropriate lubricant and lubrication process should be selected.

(2) layout and edge.

The unreasonable reciprocating feeding method and too small edge value often result in sharp abrasion or convex and die damage. Therefore, considering to increase the material to finish at the same time, must according to the requirements of the parts processing and batch, quality and mould fit clearance, selecting reasonable layout method and the boundary value, in order to improve life for tungsten carbide die.

4. Mold materials

The influence of mould material on die life is a comprehensive reflection of material type, chemical composition, structure, hardness and metallurgical quality. Mold design of different materials is often different. Therefore, for the working parts of the die material puts forward two basic requirements: (1) the use of material performance should have high hardness and high strength, and high wear resistance and sufficient toughness, heat treatment deformation is small, has the certain red hardness; The process performance is good. The processing and manufacturing process of die working parts is generally complicated. Therefore, it is necessary to have adaptability to various processing technologies, such as malleability, machinability, hardenability, hardenability, quenching crack sensitivity and grinding process. According to the material characteristics, production batch and precision requirements of the stamping parts, the mould material with excellent performance is selected, and its technology and economy are also considered.

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